Entra Connect uses the [Microsoft Entra Connector account](reference-connect-accounts-permissions.md#accounts-used-for-microsoft-entra-connect) to authenticate and sync identities from Active Directory to Entra ID. This account uses username and password to authenticate requests. To enhance the security of the service, we're rolling out an application identity that uses Oauth 2.0 client credential flow with certificate credentials. In this new method, Entra or Administrator creates a single tenant third party application in Entra ID and use one of the relevant certificate management options below for the credentials.
Microsoft Entra Connect provides 3 options for application/certificate management:
1. [Managed by Microsoft Entra Connect (Recommended)](#managed-by-microsoft-entra-connect-recommended)
2. [Bring Your Own Application (BYOA)](#bring-your-own-application-byoa)
3. [Bring Your Own Certificate (BYOC)](#bring-your-own-certificate-byoc)
## Managed by Microsoft Entra Connect (Recommended)
Microsoft Entra Connect manages the application and certificate including creation, rotation and deletion of the certificate. The certificate is stored in the Current User store. For optimal protection of the certificate’s private key, it's recommended that the machine employs a Trusted Platform Module (TPM) solution to establish a hardware-based security boundary. When a TPM is available, key service operations are performed within a dedicated hardware environment. In contrast, if a TPM can't be used, Entra Connect defaults to storing the certificate in the default Microsoft Software Key Storage Provider and marks the private key as nonexportable for additional protection. However, without the hardware isolation provided by a TPM, the private key is secured solely by software safeguards and doesn't achieve the same level of protection. For more information on TPM, see [Trusted Platform Module Technology Overview](/windows/security/hardware-security/tpm/trusted-platform-module-overview).
:::image type="content" source="media/authenticate-application-id/auth-1.png" alt-text="Diagram of authentication with application ID." lightbox="media/authenticate-application-id/auth-1.png":::
Microsoft recommends the Entra Connect certificate management option as we manage the keys and automatically rotate the certificate on expiry. This is the default option in Entra Connect Sync versions equal to or higher than 2.4.252.0.
> [!NOTE]
> We use the maintenance task to check if the certificate is due for rotation and automatically rotate the certificate, so if the scheduler is suspended or maintenance task is disabled, auto rotation won't happen even though the certificate is managed by Entra Connect Sync.
In this set up, the customer administrator manages the application that is used by Entra Connect Sync to authenticate to Entra, the application permissions and certificate credential used by the application. The administrator [registers a Microsoft Entra app and creates a service principal.](../../../identity-platform/howto-create-service-principal-portal.md)
Entra Connect uses the [Microsoft Entra Connector account](reference-connect-accounts-permissions.md#accounts-used-for-microsoft-entra-connect) to authenticate and sync identities from Active Directory to Entra ID. This account uses username and password to authenticate requests. To enhance the security of the service, we're rolling out an application identity that uses Oauth 2.0 client credential flow with certificate credentials. In this new method, Entra or Administrator creates a single tenant third party application in Entra ID and use one of the relevant certificate management options below for the credentials.
Microsoft Entra Connect provides three options for application/certificate management:
1. [Managed by Microsoft Entra Connect (Recommended)](#managed-by-microsoft-entra-connect-recommended)
2. [Bring Your Own Application (BYOA)](#bring-your-own-application-byoa)
3. [Bring Your Own Certificate (BYOC)](#bring-your-own-certificate-byoc)
## Managed by Microsoft Entra Connect (Recommended)
Microsoft Entra Connect manages the application and certificate including creation, rotation, and deletion of the certificate. The certificate is stored in the Current User store. For optimal protection of the certificate’s private key, it's recommended that the machine employs a Trusted Platform Module (TPM) solution to establish a hardware-based security boundary. When a TPM is available, key service operations are performed within a dedicated hardware environment. In contrast, if a TPM can't be used, Entra Connect defaults to storing the certificate in the default Microsoft Software Key Storage Provider and marks the private key as nonexportable for additional protection. However, without the hardware isolation provided by a TPM, the private key is secured solely by software safeguards and doesn't achieve the same level of protection. For more information on TPM, see [Trusted Platform Module Technology Overview](/windows/security/hardware-security/tpm/trusted-platform-module-overview).
:::image type="content" source="media/authenticate-application-id/auth-1.png" alt-text="Diagram of authentication with application ID." lightbox="media/authenticate-application-id/auth-1.png":::
Microsoft recommends the Entra Connect certificate management option as we manage the keys and automatically rotate the certificate on expiry. This behavior is the default option in Entra Connect Sync versions equal to or higher than 2.4.252.0.
> [!NOTE]
> We use the maintenance task to check if the certificate is due for rotation and automatically rotate the certificate, so if the scheduler is suspended or maintenance task is disabled, auto rotation won't happen even though the certificate is managed by Entra Connect Sync.
In this set up, the customer administrator manages the application that is used by Entra Connect Sync to authenticate to Entra, the application permissions and certificate credential used by the application. The administrator [registers a Microsoft Entra app and creates a service principal.](../../../identity-platform/howto-create-service-principal-portal.md)